SPACE WEATHER
Current
Conditions

Solar Wind
speed: 487.8 km/s
density:
3.1 protons/cm3
explanation | more data
Updated: Today at 0745 UT

X-ray Solar Flares

6-hr max:
B1 0650 UT Feb20
24-hr: B1 0650 UT Feb20
explanation | more data
Updated: Today at 0745 UT

Daily Sun: 20 Feb '05

Sunspot 735 poses a slim threat for M-class solar flares. Credit: SOHO/MDI


Sunspot Number: 51
What is the sunspot number?
Updated: 19 Feb 2005

Far Side of the Sun

This holographic image reveals no big sunspot groups on the far side of the Sun. Image credit: SOHO/MDI

Interplanetary Mag. Field
Btotal: 5.8 nT
Bz:
3.4 nT north
explanation | more data
Updated: Today at 0747 UT

Coronal Holes:

A solar wind stream flowing from the indicated coronal hole could reach Earth on or about February 26th. Image credit: SOHO Extreme UV Telescope.


SPACE WEATHER
NOAA
Forecasts

Solar Flares: Probabilities for a medium-sized (M-class) or a major (X-class) solar flare during the next 24/48 hours are tabulated below.
Updated at 2005 Feb 19 2200 UTC
FLARE 0-24 hr 24-48 hr
CLASS M 15 % 15 %
CLASS X 01 % 01 %

Geomagnetic Storms: Probabilities for significant disturbances in Earth's magnetic field are given for three activity levels: active, minor storm, severe storm
Updated at 2005 Feb 19 2200 UTC
Mid-latitudes
0-24 hr 24-48 hr
ACTIVE 15 % 15 %
MINOR 05 % 01 %
SEVERE 01 % 01 %

High latitudes
0-24 hr 24-48 hr
ACTIVE 20 % 15 %
MINOR 05 % 01 %
SEVERE 01 % 01 %

What's Up in Space -- 20 Feb 2005
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Would you like a call when the ISS is about to fly over your backyard? Sign up for SpaceWeather PHONE.

BLUE SKIES ON SATURN: Earth isn't the only planet with blue skies. Saturn has them, too, according to NASA's Cassini spacecraft. Get the full story from Science@NASA.

SOLAR FILAMENT: Today on the sun there's an enormous dark filament stretching 300,000+ miles from end to end--greater than the distance between Earth and the Moon. Experienced solar observers say it's one of the longest they've ever seen:


The filament on Feb. 19th. Photo credit: Greg Piepol.

Filaments are magnetic tubes suspended above the surface of the sun and filled with dense gas. Because the gas is cooler than the sun below it, filaments appear dark. Sometimes filaments erupt, producing a "Hyder flare." More often they don't. This one will probably persist for many days to come.

more images: from Ginger Mayfield of Divide, CO; from Didier Favre of Los Angeles, CA; from Andreas Murner of Lake Chiemsee, Bavaria, Germany.

GLORY! Air traveler Martin Baines was about to land at the airport in Oslo, Norway, on Feb. 14th when he looked out the window and saw this beautiful rainbow-colored ring around his airplane's shadow:

This is called a glory. Atmospheric optics expert Les Cowley explains:

"Water droplets in clouds are minuscule; some are 1000 times smaller than a raindrop. Light waves do not have enough room inside these tiny drops to form rainbows or cast sharp shadows. Instead, the waves are 'diffracted' into colorful shimmering rings; a corona around the sun and a glory directly opposite. Look for a glory when you fly. Although it appears to circle the airplane's shadow, it is actually circling yours--that is, where your shadow would be if you could see it."



Potentially Hazardous Asteroids (PHAs) are space rocks larger than approximately 100m that can come closer to Earth than 0.05 AU. None of the known PHAs are on a collision course with our planet, although astronomers are finding new ones all the time.

On 20 Feb 2005 there were 662 known Potentially
Hazardous Asteroids
Jan.-Feb. 2005 Earth-asteroid encounters
ASTEROID

 DATE (UT)

 MISS DISTANCE

 MAG.
1998 DV9

Jan. 11

30 LD

 15
2004 EW

Feb. 14

23 LD

 16
2004 RF84

Feb. 27

23 LD

 14
Notes: LD is a "Lunar Distance." 1 LD = 384,401 km, the distance between Earth and the Moon. 1 LD also equals 0.00256 AU. MAG is the visual magnitude of the asteroid on the date of closest approach.

Essential Web Links

NOAA Space Environment Center -- The official U.S. government bureau for real-time monitoring of solar and geophysical events, research in solar-terrestrial physics, and forecasting solar and geophysical disturbances.

Atmospheric Optics -- the first place to look for information about sundogs, pillars, rainbows and related phenomena. See also Snow Crystals.

Solar and Heliospheric Observatory -- Realtime and archival images of the Sun from SOHO. (European Mirror Site)

Daily Sunspot Summaries -- from the NOAA Space Environment Center.

Current Solar Images --a gallery of up-to-date solar pictures from the National Solar Data Analysis Center at the Goddard Space Flight Center. See also the GOES-12 Solar X-ray Imager.

Recent Solar Events -- a nice summary of current solar conditions from lmsal.com.

SOHO Farside Images of the Sun from SWAN and MDI.

The Latest SOHO Coronagraph Images -- from the Naval Research Lab

The Sun from Earth -- daily images of our star from the Big Bear Solar Observatory

List of Potentially Hazardous Asteroids -- from the Harvard Minor Planet Center.

Observable Comets -- from the Harvard Minor Planet Center.

What is the Interplanetary Magnetic Field? -- A lucid answer from the University of Michigan. See also the Anatomy of Earth's Magnetosphere.

Real-time Solar Wind Data -- from NASA's ACE spacecraft. How powerful are solar wind gusts? Read this story from Science@NASA.

More Real-time Solar Wind Data -- from the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory Proton Monitor.

Aurora Forecast --from the University of Alaska's Geophysical Institute

Daily Solar Flare and Sunspot Data -- from the NOAA Space Environment Center.

Lists of Coronal Mass Ejections -- from 1998 to 2001

What is an Iridium flare? See also Photographing Satellites by Brian Webb.

Vandenberg AFB missile launch schedule.

What is an Astronomical Unit, or AU?

Mirages: Mirages in Finland; An Introduction to Mirages;

NOAA Solar Flare and Sunspot Data: 1999; 2000; 2001; 2002; 2003; Jan-Mar., 2004;

Space Audio Streams: (University of Florida) 20 MHz radio emissions from Jupiter: #1, #2, #3, #4; (NASA/Marshall) INSPIRE: #1; (Stan Nelson of Roswell, New Mexico) meteor radar: #1, #2;

Recent International Astronomical Union Circulars

GLOSSARY | SPACE WEATHER TUTORIAL

This site is penned daily by Dr. Tony Phillips: email
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