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© Ciel Extrême, 1998
 Discoverers of Dreyer's NGC


NAME
totality
NGC
"existing"
obj
ratio
HERSCHEL
HERSCHEL
MARTH
SWIFT
STEPHAN
D'ARREST
LEAVENWORTH
MITCHELL
ROSSE III (Lord)
STONEY
STONEY
TEMPEL
DUNLOP
STONE
MULLER
BIGOURDAN
ROSSE IV (Lord )
COPELAND
MESSIER
COMMON
MECHAIN
LACAILLE
HOLDEN
BARNARD
LOHSE
DREYER
PETERS
STRUVE
BOND
PICKERING
SCHMIDT
SCHULTZ
SECCHI
BALL
ODIERNA
COOLIDGE
WINNECKE
HERSCHEL
PALISA
TODD
COOPER
STRUVE
SEARLE
BODE
BORELLY
LE GENTIL
BURNHAM
CHESEAUX
HARTWIG
HIND
ARISTOTLE
AUSTIN
AUWERS
HIPPARCH
KOELER
LASSELL
AL-SUFI
BEVIS
ELLERY
HARDING
HOUGH
KIRCH
MARALDI
PECHULE
SAFFORD
SCHONFELD
WINLOCK
BAXENDELL
BRORSEN
CASSINI
CHACORNAC
COGGIA
DARQUIER
DUNER
FLAMSTEED
HALL
HARRINGTON
HENRY
HEVELCKE
LANGLEY
MAIRAN
ORIANI
PEIRESC
PIERCE
PTOLEMY
RUMKER
SCHWEIZER
TUTTLE
YOUNG
2447
1863
593
560
458
342
261
223
223
223
223
156
119
99
87
77
41
35
35
33
27
25
20
19
18
17
16
16
15
15
14
14
14
11
11
9
9
8
8
8
7
7
6
5
5
5
4
4
4
4
3
3
3
3
3
3
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2329
1670
562
496
440
300
231
201
201
201
201
123
116
73
62
58
32
31
35
30
27
24
17
17
5
15
9
15
8
14
6
6
6
5
11
3
8
7
8
3
1
2
6
5
5
5
4
4
4
4
3
2
2
3
3
3
2
2
1
2
2
2
2
2
0
2
2
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
0
0
1
1
95%
90%
95%
89%
96%
88%
89%
90%
90%
90%
90%
79%
97%
74%
71%
75%
78%
89%
100%
91%
100%
96%
85%
89%
28%
88%
56%
94%
53%
93%
43%
43%
43%
45%
100%
33%
89%
88%
100%
38%
14%
29%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
67%
67%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
50%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
0%
100%
100%
0%
100%
100%
0%
0%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
0%
100%
0%
0%
100%
100%

This second table classifies the NGC discoverers according to the number of their discoveries. The more discoveries they made, the highest in the table they are. More details on the discoverers are to be found on the table below.

Except for some well-known cases, I have adopted the discoverer mentioned in Dreyer's original publication (generously provided by Brent Archinal of USNO). This procedure may produce errors and if you find some, I'll be glad you point them to me for future updates.

I have also assumed that all original NGC objects exists (which is surely wrong), and have established a second column where the "existing" findings (according to the RNGC and NGC 2000.0) are counted up, and a third one where a ratio of existing objects on the discoveries' total is given. I am aware (and you should be too) that these two columns are not firmly reliable: I have had no time at present to draw a parallel between the original total and a cleaned up version of the NGC, such as the one beeing produced on the NGC/IC web site (see their site for details). Surely enough, when the NGC/IC project will be largely completed (a long and tedious task indeed), the comparison should proove more useful and historically true. But this attempt gives an indication of the observers' diligence.

Not knowing a lot about it, I have attributed all the Melbourne observations to Ellery's credit. For the same reason, all the Markree catalogue discoveries have been attributed to Cooper.

Note that Rosse III, Mitchell, and the Stoneys worked together and I have attributed the same total to the four of them (i.e. 223).

You can reach biographies by clicking on the linked discoverers in the table below (but be prepared to hit the "back" button of your browser if you want to come back to the table).

NAME
prenames
dates
countries
instruments / sites
HERSCHEL
Friedrich W.
1738-1822
NED/UK
refl-18.7" / Bath (uk)
HERSCHEL
John F.W.
1792-1871
NED/UK
refl-18.7" / Bath (uk) + Cape (afs)
MARTH
Albert
1828-1897
GER/UK
refl-48" / Malta
SWIFT
Lewis
1820-1913
USA
refr-16" / Warner obs. (usa)
STEPHAN
Edouard JM.
1837-1923
FRA
refl-31.5" / Marseille (fra)
D'ARREST
Heinrich L.
1822-1875
GER
refr-11" / Copenhaguen (dan)
LEAVENWORTH
Frank P.
?about 1864
USA
refr-26" / McCormick (usa)
MITCHELL
R. J.
?about 1850
IRL?
refl-36"+refl-72" / Birr (irl)
ROSSE III (Lord)
Charles (Parsons)
1800-1867
IRL
refl-36"+refl-72" / Birr (irl)
STONEY
George J.
1826-1911
IRL
refl-36"+refl-72" / Birr (irl)
STONEY
Bindon B.
1829-1909
IRL
refl-36"+refl-72" / Birr (irl)
TEMPEL
Ernst W.
1821-1889
GER/ITA
refr-11" / Arcetri (ita)
DUNLOP
James
1793-1848
UK
refr-eq / Paramatta (aus)
STONE
Ormond
1847-1933
USA
refr-26" / McCormick (usa)
MULLER [Müller]
Frank
?about 1864
USA
refr-26" / McCormick (usa)
BIGOURDAN
Guillaume
1851-1932
FRA
refr-12" / Paris (fra)
ROSSE IV (Lord)
Laurence (Parsons)
1840-1908
IRL
refl-36"+refl-72" / Birr (irl)
COPELAND
Ralph
1837-1905
USA
refl-36"+refl-72" / Birr (irl) & spectro / Arequipa (Peru)
MESSIER
Charles
1730-1817
FRA
refr-3"+refl-7" / Paris (fra)
COMMON
Andrew A.
1841-1903
UK
refls-18"+36"+60" / Ealing (uk)
MECHAIN [Méchain]
Pierre F. A.
1744-1805
FRA
? / ?
LACAILLE
Nicolas Louis
1713-1762
FRA
refr-1" / Cape (aus)
HOLDEN
Edward S.
1846-1914
USA
refr-15" / Washburn obs. (usa)
BARNARD
Edward E.
1857-1923
USA
refl-6" / Nashville (usa)
LOHSE
J.G.
?
UK?
refr-15" / Scarborough obs. (uk?)
DREYER
John L.E
1852-1926
DAN/UK
refl-72" / Birr (irl)
PETERS
Christian H. F.
1813-1890
DAN/USA
? / ?
STRUVE
Otto (Von)
1819-1905
GER/RUS
refr-15" / Pulkovo (rus)
BOND
George P.
1825-1865
USA
refr-15" / Harvard (usa)
PICKERING
Edward C.
1846-1919
USA
refr-15" / Harvard (usa)
SCHMIDT
Johan F.J.
1825-1884
GER/GRE
?/Athens (gre)
SCHULTZ [Schültz]
Hermann
?about 1874
SWE?
?/Upsalla (swe)
SECCHI
Pietro A.
1818-1878
ITA
refr-9.5" / Rome (ita)
BALL
Sir Robert S.
1840-1913
UK
refl-36"+refl-72" / Birr (irl)
ODIERNA [HODIERNA, ADIERNA]
Gioanbatista (Giovanni B.)
1597-1660
ITA
refr-20x / Ragusa (Sicilia)
COOLIDGE
Sydney
1825-1863
USA
refr-15" / Harvard (usa)
WINNECKE
F. August
?about 1858
EUR
refr-3"? / Strasbourg? (fra)
HERSCHEL
Karoline L.
1750-1848
NED/UK
refl-18.7" / Bath (uk)
PALISA
Johann
1848-1925
AUT?
refl-11.8"+refl-27" / Vienna (aut)
TODD
David P.
1855-1939
USA
? / Amherst (usa)
COOPER (Markree Catalogue)
Edward J.
1798-1863
IRL
? / Markree Obs. (irl)
STRUVE
Friedrich Georg Wilhelm (Von)
1793-1864
GER/RUS
refr-9.5" / Dorpat (ger) + refr-15" / Pulkovo (rus)
SEARLE
Arthur
1837-1920
USA
refr-15" / Harvard (usa)
BODE
Johann Ehlert
1747-1826
GER
? / ?
BORELLY
Alphonse
1842-1926
FRA
refl-31.5"? / Marseille (fra)
LE GENTIL
Guillaume H.
1725-1792
FRA
? / Paris (fra)
BURNHAM
Sherburne W.
1838-1921
USA
refl-6" / Chicago (usa) + refr-18" / Dearborn (usa)
CHESEAUX [Chéseaux]
Jean Philippe Loys de
1718-1751
SWI
? / ?
HARTWIG
E.?
?about 1900
GER
refr-18" / Strasbourg (fra)
HIND
John R.
1823-1895/3
UK
? / ?
ARISTOTLE (of Stagira)
 
384-322 B.C.
GRE
naked eye / greece
AUSTIN
Edward P.
?about 1880
USA?
refr-15" / Harvard (usa)
AUWERS (Von)
Arthur J.G.F.
1838-1915
GER
heliometer / Konigsberg (ger)
HIPPARCH (of Niceus) [Hipparchus; Hipparchos] (of Rhodes)
 
190- 120 B.C.
GRE
naked eye / Niceus
KOELER [Koëler]
Johann G.
1745-1801
GER
? / ?
LASSELL
William
1799-1880
UK
refl-24"+refl-48" / Liverpool (uk) + Malta
AL-SUFI
Abd-al-rahman
903-986
persia
naked eye / persia
BEVIS
John
1695-1771
UK
? / ?
ELLERY (Melbourne obs.)
Robert L. J.
1827-1908
AUS
refl-48" / Melbourne (aus)
HARDING
Karl Ludwig
1765-1834
GER
? / ?
HOUGH
George Washington
1836-1909
USA
refr-18.5" / Dearborn (usa)
KIRCH
Gottfried
1639-1710
GER
? / Berlin (ger)
MARALDI
Giacomo Filippo
1665-1729
ITA/FRA
? / Paris (fra)
PECHULE [Pechüle]
?
?
?
? / ?
SAFFORD
Truman H.
1836-1901
USA
refr-15" / Harvard (Dearborn?) (usa)
SCHONFELD [Schönfeld]
Eduard
1828-1891
GER
refr-6.3"/ Bonn (ger)
WINLOCK
Anna
1857-1904
USA
refr-15" / Harvard (usa)
BAXENDELL
Joseph Sr.
1815-1887
UK
? / ?
BRORSEN
Theodor
1819-1895
DAN
? / ?
CASSINI
"Gian Domenico [Giovanni Domenico; Jean Dominique] [Cassini I]"
1625-1712
ITA/FRA
? / ?
CHACORNAC
?
?
?
? / ?
COGGIA
?
?
ITA?
? / ?
DARQUIER
Antoine
1718-1802
FRA
? / Toulouse (fra)
DUNER [Dunér]
Nils Christofer
1839-1914
DAN
? / ?
FLAMSTEED
John (Révérend)
1646-1719
UK
? / ?
HALL
M (Asaph?)
(1829-1907)
(USA)
? / ?
HARRINGTON
?
?
?
? / ?
HENRY
Paul & Prosper
1848-1905 & 1849-1903
FRA
? / Paris (fra)
HEVELCKE (Hevelius)
Johannes
1611-1687
POL
refr-6" / Danzig (ger)
LANGLEY
Samuel P.
1834-1906
USA
refr-15" / Harvard (usa)
MAIRAN
Jean-Jacques (DE)
1678-1771
FRA
? / ?
ORIANI
Barnaba [Barnabé]
1752-1832
ITA
? / Brera (ita)
PEIRESC
Nicolas Claude (FABRY DE)
1580-1637
FRA
? / Aix (fra)
PIERCE
Newton L[acy] ?
????-1950 ?
USA
refr-15" / Harvard (usa)
PTOLEMAEUS [Ptolemy, Ptolemaios]
Claudius [Klaudios]
87-165
GRE
naked eye / Alexandria (gre)
RUMKER [Rümker]
Christian C.L.
1788-1862
GER
refr-eq / Paramatta (aus), Hamburg? (ger)
SCHWEIZER
?
?
?
? / ?
TUTTLE
?
?
?
? / ?
YOUNG
Frederick Mortimer ?
1860-1927?
?
? / ?


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