© Ciel
Extrême, 1998
Discoverers of
Dreyer's two ICs
|
NOM
|
total IC
|
"Existing" obj.
|
ratio
|
|
JAVELLE
|
1431
|
1047
|
73%
|
|
WOLF
|
1127
|
234
|
21%
|
|
STEWART
|
672
|
360
|
54%
|
|
SWIFT
|
585
|
366
|
63%
|
|
FROST
|
454
|
250
|
55%
|
|
BIGOURDAN
|
322
|
152
|
47%
|
|
SCHWASSMAN
|
172
|
63
|
37%
|
|
BARNARD
|
157
|
75
|
48%
|
|
HOWE
|
64
|
37
|
58%
|
|
SPITALER
|
63
|
47
|
75%
|
|
SAFFORD
|
47
|
29
|
62%
|
|
FLEMING
|
39
|
28
|
72%
|
|
KOBOLD
|
37
|
34
|
92%
|
|
ROBERTS
|
33
|
22
|
67%
|
|
STONE
|
29
|
16
|
55%
|
|
BURNHAM
|
22
|
10
|
45%
|
|
ESPIN
|
21
|
10
|
48%
|
|
DENNING
|
18
|
18
|
100%
|
|
PICKERING
|
17
|
10
|
59%
|
|
INNES
|
13
|
6
|
46%
|
|
ROSSE IV (Lord)
|
9
|
8
|
89%
|
|
KEELER
|
7
|
2
|
29%
|
|
LUNT
|
6
|
6
|
100%
|
|
BAILEY
|
5
|
5
|
100%
|
|
FINLAY
|
5
|
2
|
40%
|
|
THOME
|
5
|
0
|
0%
|
|
BIDSHOF
|
2
|
2
|
100%
|
|
CHESEAUX (DE)
|
2
|
2
|
100%
|
|
LACAILLE (DE)
|
2
|
2
|
100%
|
|
AITKEN
|
1
|
1
|
100%
|
|
AL-SUFI
|
1
|
1
|
100%
|
|
BELLAMY
|
1
|
1
|
100%
|
|
CODDINGTON
|
1
|
1
|
100%
|
|
ENGELHARDT
|
1
|
0
|
0%
|
|
GALE
|
1
|
0
|
0%
|
|
MARTH
|
1
|
0
|
0%
|
|
SCHAEBERLE
|
1
|
1
|
100%
|
This table ranks the IC discoverers according to the number
of their discoveries. The more discoveries they made, the highest in the
table they are. More details on the discoverers are to be found on a table
below.
Except for some well-known cases, I have adopted the discoverer
mentioned in Dreyer's original publication (generously provided by Brent
Archinal of USNO). This procedure may produce errors and if you find some,
I'll be glad you point them to me for future updates.
I have also assumed that all original IC objects exists
(which is surely wrong), and have established a second column where the
"existing" findings (according to NGC 2000.0) are counted up,
and a third one where a ratio of existing objects on the discoveries' total
is given. I am aware (and you should be too) that these two columns are
not firmly reliable: I have had no time at present to draw a parallel between
the original total and a cleaned up version of the IC, such as the one
beeing produced on the NGC/IC web site (see their site for details). Surely
enough, when the NGC/IC project will be largely completed (but its a long
and tedious task), the comparison should proove more useful and historically
true. But this attempt gives an indication of the observers' diligence.
You can reach biographies by clicking on the linked discoverers
in the table below (but be prepared to hit the "back" button
of your browser if you want to come back to the table).
|
NOM
|
prenames
|
dates
|
countries
|
instruments / observing sites
|
|
JAVELLE
|
Stéphane
|
1864-1917
|
FRA
|
Refr-30" / Nice (fra)
|
|
WOLF
|
Maximilian F.J.C.
|
1863-1932
|
GER/USA
|
Refr-16" / Heidelberg (ger)
|
|
STEWART
|
Delisle
|
? about 1908
|
USA?
|
Refr-24" / Arequipa (peru)
|
|
SWIFT
|
Lewis
|
1820-1913
|
USA
|
Refr-16" / Warner obs. (usa)
|
|
FROST
|
R. H.
|
? about 1900
|
USA
|
Refr-24" / Arequipa (peru)
|
|
BIGOURDAN
|
Guillaume
|
1851-1932
|
FRA
|
Refr-12" / Paris (fra)
|
|
SCHWASSMAN
|
?
|
? about 1905
|
GER
|
Refr-6" / Heidelberg (ger)
|
|
BARNARD
|
Edward E.
|
1857-1923
|
USA
|
Refl-12" / Lick (usa)
|
|
HOWE
|
Herbert A.
|
1858-1926
|
USA
|
Refr-20" / Chamberlin obs. (usa)
|
|
SPITALER
|
?
|
? about 1890
|
AUT
|
Refr-27" / Vienna (aut)
|
|
SAFFORD
|
Truman H.
|
1836-1901
|
USA
|
Refr-15" / Harvard (usa)
|
|
FLEMING
|
Wilhelmina P.S.
|
1857-1911
|
UK/USA
|
Spectroscope / Harvard (usa)
|
|
KOBOLD
|
?
|
?
|
GER?
|
Refr-18" / Strasbourg (fra)
|
|
ROBERTS
|
Isaac
|
1829-1904
|
UK
|
Refl-60" / ? (gbr)
|
|
STONE
|
Ormond
|
1847-1933
|
USA
|
Refr-26" / MÕCormick obs. (usa)
|
|
BURNHAM
|
Sherburne W.
|
1838-1921
|
USA
|
Refr-36" / Lick + refr-40" / Yerkes (usa)
|
|
ESPIN
|
Thomas H.E.C
|
1858-1934
|
UK
|
Refl-13" / Oxford (uk)
|
|
DENNING
|
William F.
|
1848-1931
|
UK
|
Refl-10" / ?
|
|
PICKERING
|
Edward C.
|
1846-1919
|
USA
|
Spectroscope / Harvard (usa)
|
|
INNES
|
Robert T. A.
|
1861-1933
|
UK/AFS
|
Refr-7" / Cape (afs)
|
|
ROSSE IV (Lord)
|
Laurence (Parsons)
|
1840-1908
|
IRL
|
Refl-36" + refl-72" / Birr (irl)
|
|
KEELER
|
James E.
|
1857-1900
|
USA
|
Refl-36" / Lick (usa)
|
|
LUNT
|
?
|
? about 1895
|
AFS
|
Refl-18" / Cape (afs)
|
|
BAILEY
|
Solon I.
|
1854-1931
|
USA
|
Refr-15" / Harvard (usa)
|
|
FINLAY
|
?
|
? about 1880
|
AFS
|
Refr-6" + 7" / Cape (afs)
|
|
THOME
|
J. M.
|
? about 1892
|
USA?
|
Refr-24" ? / Arequipa (peru)
|
|
BIDSHOF
|
?
|
?
|
?
|
? / ?
|
|
CHESEAUX [Chéseaux] (DE)
|
Jean P. L.
|
1718-1751
|
SWI
|
? / ?
|
|
LA CAILLE (DE)
|
Nicolas L.
|
1713-1762
|
FRA
|
Refr-1" / Cape (aus)
|
|
AITKEN
|
Robert G.
|
1864-1951
|
UK
|
Refr-36" / Lick (usa)
|
|
AL-SUFI
|
Abd-al-rahman
|
903-986
|
persia
|
Naked eye / Persia
|
|
BELLAMY
|
?
|
?
|
?
|
? / ?
|
|
CODDINGTON
|
?
|
?
|
?
|
? / ?
|
|
ENGELHARDT (VON)
|
B.
|
? about 1886
|
GER
|
? / Dresde (ger)
|
|
GALE
|
Walter F.?
|
1865-1945?
|
?
|
? / ?
|
|
MARTH
|
Albert
|
1828-1897
|
GER
|
Refl-48" / Malta
|
|
SCHAEBERLE
|
?
|
?
|
?
|
? / ?
|
Back
to tables' menu